INTRODUCTORY CITATIONS
ENTRY NARRATIVE
Decolonizing Ancient Knowledge.
Supported Image and Document size (each): 15MB
Tan-Tan.
‘Represents the oldest currently known figurine’ [figure]
that predates the Late-Acheulian Berekhat Ram.
(FAA: 411.)
The dark African Palaeoart figure known as Tan-Tan from Morocco appears to be the earliest of the Afrocentric (dark mother) figures. Surrounding sediments indicate that the timeline is c. 500,000 to 300,000 BCE. In Bednarik’s archaeological report, “A Figurine from the African Acheulian 1,” the Tan-Tan female icon is c. 400,000 BCE * and represents the oldest known figure, therefore predating the Late-Acheulian Berekhat Ram. Even though both Tan-Tan and the Berekhat Ram show evidence of ocher (or ochre), the Tan-Tan figure is the first “known instance of pigment application, although older indirect evidence of such a practice does exist.” (FAA: 411.) In regard to calling the Tan-Tan figure an icon, he says “unmistakable traces of moderating the level of visual ambiguity of the Tan-Tan specimen define it as iconic.” (FAA: 411.)
* (500,000-300,000 BCE.)
This intentionally enhanced icon measures around six centimeters and was discovered by German archaeologist, Lutz Fiedler. Location of the find was in a river deposit on north side of the River Dra (or Draa) just south of the township of Tan-Tan. Painted with red ocher (symbolic blood), the figure is made from quartzite and suggests ritual or spiritual importance. As discussed by Francesco d’Errico and April Nowell, archaeological evidence consistently confirms, “Neanderthals produced and used symbolic objects.” (NLBR: 163.) The dating, engravings, location, female attributes, and use of ochre (iron oxide), mirror other African dark mothers or “Venus” (?) * carved statues. Additional examples in Re-Genesis are: the Berekhat Ram followed by Brassempouy; Willendorf; Laussel; Dolni Vestonice and Lespugue. (WKP: 11-26-05; EKP: 89-135.)
* “Venus”: Medieval Latin Uenus is a de-sacralized/de-sanctified term for goddess or ancestral matrix.
FURTHER RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
Further keyword research on ancient African Dark Mothers and related trade routes:
3,000,000, Overview of Hominid Evolution Including Dark Mothers and Later Migrations; 280,000-250,000; The Berekhat Ram Figure; 70,000, Blombos Cave and V Shaped Engraving; 50,000, African Homo Sapiens Migrations and Matrilineal Motherline; 40,000, Har Karkom; 30,000-25,000, Aurignacian Age; 30,000-25,000, Goddess of Willendorf, Austria; 26,000, Grimaldi Caves; 25,000-20,000, Gravettian Age; 25,000, Caravanserai, Trade Routes, and Dark Mothers; 25,000-20,000, Goddess of Laussel; 24,000, Dolni Vestonice; 23,000, Austrian Goddess of Lespugue; 10,000, Grotta dell’Addaura; 7000, Jericho, Canaan/Palestine: Mesolithic to Neolithic; 7000, Hieros Gamos; 6000, Sicilians to Malta; 5200, Malta and Gozo; 4700, Dolmens; 2200, Nahariyah and Ashrath-Yam; 1900-1800, Dawning of the African Alphabet and the Aniconic Goddess Triangle; 1000, Ephesus, Anatolia; 800, Tanit; 800, Carthage, Africa, the Goddess Tanit and Sacrifice; 750-650, Cybele and King Midas, Anatolia; 664-525, Neith and the Black Virgin Mary Temple at Sais, Egypt; 600, Goddess Kaabou at Petra, Jordan plus Mecca, Saudi Arabia; 400, Cathedra Goddess Isis; and 370, Isis and Philae, Egypt. (RGS.)
For further keyword research on the production of hand axes, including pre-and-post the Acheulian, see keywords:
“hand axe” AND Oldowan OR “Olduvai Gorge” OR Mousterian OR Pleistocene OR Holocene “Homo Ergaster.” Additional searches might include: “hand axe” AND Saint-Acheul OR “Venerque France” OR Madrid OR “Moldavian Plateau.”
Further keyword research on ancient ochre: 285,000, Ochre at Kapthurin Formation plus Other Sites;
280,000-250,000, The Berekhat Ram Figure; 92,000, Qafzeh Cave and Ochre Symbolism; 70,000, Blombos Cave and V Shaped Engraving; 50,000, African Homo Sapiens Migrations and Matrilineal Motherline; 31,000, Chauvet Cave and Vulva Engravings; 10,000, Grotta dell’Addaura; 2600-2000, Early Bronze Age, Crete, Chthonian * Prepalatial/Early Minoan (EM I-III); and 1500, Lachish Ewer, Triangle, and Menorah. (RGS.)
* (Earth mother, Chthonia.)
ENTRY 4 GODDESS SITES AND ARTIFACT IMAGE COLLECTIONS
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GSA TEXT REFERENCES
IMAGE: SAMPLE TEXT
IMAGE: SAMPLE TEXT
ReGenesis
ENCYCLOPEDIA
ENTRY 6
280,000-250,000 The Berekhat Ram Figures
INTRODUCTORY CITATIONS
Oldest Worship.
The oldest cosmologies, like the oldest worship
of concretely represented deities,
typically start with a primal goddess.
(HG: 24.)
Berekhat Ram Figure.
Substantiating archaeological and genetic evidence
now clearly demonstrates that symbolic female objects
were humanly produced and used by Neanderthal clans.
Great Goddess.
The focal figure of all mythology and worship
was the bountiful goddess Earth,
as the mother and nourisher of life
and receiver of the dead for rebirth.
(MOG: 7.)
Tan-Tan and Berekhat Ram.
Positions dark female figures at
‘the center of spiritual life during this period.’
ENTRY NARRATIVE
Following the Moroccan dark mother Tan-Tan c. 500,000-300,000 BCE, the Berekhat Ram female is the second oldest representational art figure to date. It measures 35 mm in length and was discovered between 1981-1982 CE at Golan Heights, in Israel. * (BRF: 328.) As the Berekhat Ram figure plus an extensive repertoire of personal ornaments, ochre, and embellished bone tools have been gathered, analyzed and dated from this Acheulian site, there is little doubt that these items/figures were intentionally modified. (NLBR: 163.) The grooves and modified pebbles support a high degree of assemblage capabilities “both in terms of technology and values of symmetry and shape.” (FFA: 11.) The human hand and finger bones were capable of precision grips that evolved alongside of tool making. (PE: 40-41.) Additionally, Marshack reminds us that by “conventional assumption, there should be no depictive imagery at this date” which adds to the argument that this Berekhat Ram figure also had special significance. (BRF: 328.) (BRF: 327-337; FAA: 411.)
* Originally the Levant.
Substantiating archaeological and genetic evidence clearly demonstrates that symbolic female objects were humanly produced and used by Neanderthal Homo (neanderthalensis) clans. Also, given that the oldest representational art from Tan-Tan c. 500,000 – Berekhat Ram c. 300,000 BCE and up through the next quarter of a million years was female, it positions dark female figures at “the center of spiritual life during this period.” (RDW: 9.) As the Berekhat Ram includes ochre plus other Afrocentric (dark mother) attributes, the evidence is hard to ignore. (NLBR: 123-67; BRF: 327-338; FAA: 411.)
ENTRY 6 GODDESS SITES AND ARTIFACT IMAGE COLLECTIONS
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GSA IMAGE REFERENCES
IMAGE: BEREKHAT RAM: GOLAN HEIGHTS, ISRAEL.
ILLUSTRATION © GSA DESCRIPTION: BEREKHAT RAM FIGURE FROM GOLAN HEIGHTS: SECOND OLDEST REPRESENTATIONAL ART FIGURE THAT HAS BEEN DISCOVERED. SLIDE LOCATION OCHER (OCHRE) DISK, 280,000- 250,000 BCE. ON LOCATION: GLOBAL RESEARCH OF BEREKHAT RAM.
PHOTO NOTE: ILLUSTRATION.
NOTE 1: “SINCE THE BEREKHAT RAM INCLUDES OCHER (OCHRE) PLUS OTHER AFRICAN DARK MOTHER FIGURE ATTRIBUTES, THE EVIDENCE IS HARD TO IGNORE” (RGS). (NLBR: 123-67; BRF: 327-337; FAA: 411.)
NOTE 2: SELECTED EXAMPLES OF AFRICAN DARK MOTHERS DISCUSSED IN REGENESIS ARE: TAN-TAN; THE BEREKHAT RAM; BRASSEMPOUY; WILLENDORF; LAUSSEL; DOLNI VESTONICE AND LESPUGUE. (SOURCE: ENTRY ABOVE.) (EKP: 89- 135.)
PHOTO NOTE: FOR FURTHER BEREKHAT RAM RESEARCH AND IMAGES: RESOURCE: (ARCHAEOLOGY, ARCHITECTURE & ART.) RESOURCE: (MUSEUM ART RESOURCE.)
PHOTO NOTE: ILLUSTRATOR, TAMARA THEBERT.
IMAGE: STONE CIRCLES: GOLAN HEIGHT, ISRAEL. IN 1981-1982, THE BEREKHAT RAM WAS DISCOVERED AT GOLAN HEIGHTS, ORIGINALLY IN THE LEVANT. SLIDE LOCATION BIB ARCH, SHEET 1, ROW 4, SLEEVE 2, SLIDE #17, 280,000-250,000
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LOCATION: STONE CIRCLES: GOLAN HEIGHT, ISRAEL. PHOTO NOTE:
PHOTO NOTE: © BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY SOCIETY (1989).
IMAGE: TAN-TAN: MOROCCO.
ILLUSTRATION: © GSA.
DESCRIPTION: DARK MOTHER TAN-TAN, MOROCCO.
500,000-300,00 BCE. ON LOCATION: GLOBAL RESEARCH OF DARK MOTHER TAN-TAN, MOROCCO.
PHOTO NOTE: ILLUSTRATION. NOTE 1: SELECTED EXAMPLES OF AFRICAN DARK MOTHERS DISCUSSED IN REGENESIS ARE: TAN-TAN; THE BEREKHAT RAM; BRASSEMPOUY; WILLENDORF; LAUSSEL; DOLNI VESTONICE AND LESPUGUE) (WKP: 11-26- 05; EKP: 89-135). (SOURCE: ENTRY ABOVE PHOTO NOTE: ILLUSTRATOR, TAMARA THEBERT.