INTRODUCTORY CITATIONS
ENTRY NARRATIVE
Decolonizing Ancient Knowledge.
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Tan-Tan.
‘Represents the oldest currently known figurine’ [figure]
that predates the Late-Acheulian Berekhat Ram.
(FAA: 411.)
The dark African Palaeoart figure known as Tan-Tan from Morocco appears to be the earliest of the Afrocentric (dark mother) figures. Surrounding sediments indicate that the timeline is c. 500,000 to 300,000 BCE. In Bednarik’s archaeological report, “A Figurine from the African Acheulian 1,” the Tan-Tan female icon is c. 400,000 BCE * and represents the oldest known figure, therefore predating the Late-Acheulian Berekhat Ram. Even though both Tan-Tan and the Berekhat Ram show evidence of ocher (or ochre), the Tan-Tan figure is the first “known instance of pigment application, although older indirect evidence of such a practice does exist.” (FAA: 411.) In regard to calling the Tan-Tan figure an icon, he says “unmistakable traces of moderating the level of visual ambiguity of the Tan-Tan specimen define it as iconic.” (FAA: 411.)
* (500,000-300,000 BCE.)
This intentionally enhanced icon measures around six centimeters and was discovered by German archaeologist, Lutz Fiedler. Location of the find was in a river deposit on north side of the River Dra (or Draa) just south of the township of Tan-Tan. Painted with red ocher (symbolic blood), the figure is made from quartzite and suggests ritual or spiritual importance. As discussed by Francesco d’Errico and April Nowell, archaeological evidence consistently confirms, “Neanderthals produced and used symbolic objects.” (NLBR: 163.) The dating, engravings, location, female attributes, and use of ochre (iron oxide), mirror other African dark mothers or “Venus” (?) * carved statues. Additional examples in Re-Genesis are: the Berekhat Ram followed by Brassempouy; Willendorf; Laussel; Dolni Vestonice and Lespugue. (WKP: 11-26-05; EKP: 89-135.)
* “Venus”: Medieval Latin Uenus is a de-sacralized/de-sanctified term for goddess or ancestral matrix.
FURTHER RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
Further keyword research on ancient African Dark Mothers and related trade routes:
3,000,000, Overview of Hominid Evolution Including Dark Mothers and Later Migrations; 280,000-250,000; The Berekhat Ram Figure; 70,000, Blombos Cave and V Shaped Engraving; 50,000, African Homo Sapiens Migrations and Matrilineal Motherline; 40,000, Har Karkom; 30,000-25,000, Aurignacian Age; 30,000-25,000, Goddess of Willendorf, Austria; 26,000, Grimaldi Caves; 25,000-20,000, Gravettian Age; 25,000, Caravanserai, Trade Routes, and Dark Mothers; 25,000-20,000, Goddess of Laussel; 24,000, Dolni Vestonice; 23,000, Austrian Goddess of Lespugue; 10,000, Grotta dell’Addaura; 7000, Jericho, Canaan/Palestine: Mesolithic to Neolithic; 7000, Hieros Gamos; 6000, Sicilians to Malta; 5200, Malta and Gozo; 4700, Dolmens; 2200, Nahariyah and Ashrath-Yam; 1900-1800, Dawning of the African Alphabet and the Aniconic Goddess Triangle; 1000, Ephesus, Anatolia; 800, Tanit; 800, Carthage, Africa, the Goddess Tanit and Sacrifice; 750-650, Cybele and King Midas, Anatolia; 664-525, Neith and the Black Virgin Mary Temple at Sais, Egypt; 600, Goddess Kaabou at Petra, Jordan plus Mecca, Saudi Arabia; 400, Cathedra Goddess Isis; and 370, Isis and Philae, Egypt. (RGS.)
For further keyword research on the production of hand axes, including pre-and-post the Acheulian, see keywords:
“hand axe” AND Oldowan OR “Olduvai Gorge” OR Mousterian OR Pleistocene OR Holocene “Homo Ergaster.” Additional searches might include: “hand axe” AND Saint-Acheul OR “Venerque France” OR Madrid OR “Moldavian Plateau.”
Further keyword research on ancient ochre: 285,000, Ochre at Kapthurin Formation plus Other Sites;
280,000-250,000, The Berekhat Ram Figure; 92,000, Qafzeh Cave and Ochre Symbolism; 70,000, Blombos Cave and V Shaped Engraving; 50,000, African Homo Sapiens Migrations and Matrilineal Motherline; 31,000, Chauvet Cave and Vulva Engravings; 10,000, Grotta dell’Addaura; 2600-2000, Early Bronze Age, Crete, Chthonian * Prepalatial/Early Minoan (EM I-III); and 1500, Lachish Ewer, Triangle, and Menorah. (RGS.)
* (Earth mother, Chthonia.)
ENTRY 4 GODDESS SITES AND ARTIFACT IMAGE COLLECTIONS
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GSA TEXT REFERENCES
IMAGE: SAMPLE TEXT
IMAGE: SAMPLE TEXT
ReGenesis
ENCYCLOPEDIA
INDEX BY IMAGE
DOUBLE DISK GODDESSES
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IT_VUL_ILL_ENT51_CUCUTENI_3 ITEM TITLE: SCHEMATICALLY RENDERED FEMALE DEITIES, CUCUTENI Date: 5500-3500 Country: Ukraine Description: IT_VUL_ILL_ENT51_CUCUTENI_3 Artist: Rouxuan Li Index Entry 51
CO_ISR_ILL_ENT3_STONE CIRCLES IN GOLAN Item Title: STONE CIRCLES IN GOLAN HEIGHTS, GALILEE Date: 280,000-250,000 Bce. Country: Golan Heights, Galilee Description: Artist: Rouxuan Lee Index Entry 3
IT_ART_ILL_ENT16_SPIRAL_BUCKLE Item Title: Elementary Spiral Rendition On Ivory Buckle, Date: Ice Age Country: Mal’ta, Siberia Description: Note 1: * Troc 337, Fig. 202 C. Note 2: “[The Spiral May] Be Thought Of As An Elementary Unicursal Labyrinth As They Have An Indirect Path Leading To A Hidden Center (Mlw: 18: Rgs).” Note 3: Paired Spiral Oculi May Be Interpreted As Owl Eyes Artist: Ruoxuan Lee Index Entry 16
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 ITEM TITLE: LACHISH PLAQUE, CANAAN (ISRAEL) Date: Country: Description: Artist: Ji Young Lee Index Entry
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 Illustration by Tamara
NP FRANCE, SHEET 1, ROW 2, SLEEVE 4, SLIDE #9 CU_NPF_S1_R2_SL4_S9 & IT_ART_ILL_ENT4_ LAUSSEL Venus of Laussel Marquay, in the Dordogne department of south-western France 23000 BCE Artist: Tamara Entry 3
CO_ISR_ILL_ENT3_keyword_BULL HORNS ITEM TITLE: PREHISTORIC BULL HORNS ISRAEL Date: 1.4 million BCE Country: Location: Jerusalem, Israel Museum. Archaeology Wing, Israel Antiquities Authority Description: Artist: Rouxuan Lee Index Entry 3
IT_ART_ILL_ENT6_OCHRE_STONE2 ITEM TITLE: OCHER FROM KAPTHURIN FORMATION, KENYA AFRICA Date: 285,000 BCE Country: Kapthurin Formation, Kenya Africa Description: Kapthurin Formation C. 285,000 Bce; Cave Of Becov C. 250,000; The Bambata And Pomongwe Caves In Zimbabwe C. 125,000; The Olduvai Bk Ii, Oldowan Levels In Tanzania; Wonderwerk Cave In The North Cape Region Of South Africa; The Twin Rivers In Zambia; Blombos Cave In South Africa C. 70,000; And The Lion Cavern In South Africa C. 3,200 Art
IT_ART_ILL_ENT8_OCHRE_STONE1 ITEM TITLE: OCHER FROM KAPTHURIN FORMATION, KENYA AFRICA Date: 285,000 BCE Country: Kapthurin Formation, Kenya Africa Description: Kapthurin Formation C. 285,000 Bce; Cave Of Becov C. 250,000; The Bambata And Pomongwe Caves In Zimbabwe C. 125,000; The Olduvai Bk Ii, Oldowan Levels In Tanzania; Wonderwerk Cave In The North Cape Region Of South Africa; The Twin Rivers In Zambia; Blombos Cave In South Africa C. 70,000; And The Lion Cavern In South Africa C3,200 Arti
CO_NEA_ILL_ENT39_JERICHO_MODEL ITEM TITLE: MODEL OF JERICHO, JORDAN: BRITISH MUSEUM, LONDON ENGLAND Date: Country: Description: CO_NEA_ILL_ENT39_JERICHO_MODEL Artist: Ji Young Lee Index Entry 39
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 Item Title: Cybele’s Temple, Palatine Rome Date: Country: Palatine Rome Description: Note: See Illustration In, Vermaseren, Maarten J. Cybele And Attis: The Myth And The Cult. Trans. A. M. H. Lemmers. London, England: Thames And Hudson, 1977. Plate 31. Caa.) Artist: Rouxuan Li Index Entry
CO_ISR_ILL_ENT8_CAVE2 ITEM TITLE: QAFZE OR KAFZEH CAVE, ISRAEL Date: Country: Kafzeh Cave, Israel Description:site of esteemed archaeological discoveries including 84 ochre-stained artifacts plus other significant geological data. Artist: Rouxuan Lee Index Entry 8
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 ITEM TITLE: EGYPTIAN MEDICAL TEXT IMHOTEP TEMPLE, PHILAE EGYPT Date: 2500-2000 BCE Country: Imhotep Temple, Philae Egypt Description: Artist: Index Entry
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 ITEM TITLE: PHARAOH RAMESES III WITH BA – BIRD, EGYPT Date: 1310-1212 BCE Country: Seqqara, Egypt Description: Artist: Index Entry Ji Young Lee
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 ITEM TITLE: NARMER. PALATTE, EGYPT Date: Country: Description: Artist: Rouxuan Li Index Entry
ILLUSTRATION: © GSA. DESCRIPTION: DISCOVERY OF THREE – YEAR – OLD GIRL’S 3.3 MILLION-YEAR-OLD FOSSILS DISCOVERED BY PALEOANTHROPOLOGIST ZERESANAY ALEMSEGED. IT_FOC_ILL_ENT1_3M_GIRL_1 ILLUSTRATOR:
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 Item Title: Phaistos Disc, Crete Greece Date: Country: Crete Greece Description: Artist: Ji Young Lee Index Entry
IT_VUART_ILL_ENT_18_LESPUGUE_1 ITEM TITLE: DOUBLE GODDESS OF LESPUGUE_1 Date: 25,000-20,000 Bce Country: Laussel Dordogne, Southern France Description: Image Code: IT_VUART_ILL_ENT_18_LESPUGUE_1 Artist: Alexander Dushenko Index Entry 18
IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 ITEM TITLE: INANNA/ISHTAR SUMERIAN/BABYLONIAN WINGED GODDESS OF LOVE AND WAR Date: 1800 BCE Country: Assyrian Empire Location: State Hermitage, St. Petersburg Description: often referred to the Queen of the Night. Artist: Ji Young Lee Index Entry Slide Location Near East, Sheet 6a, Row 2, Sleeve 3, Slide #21, Bce. On
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 Slide Location Near East, Sheet 6a, Row 2, Sleeve 3, Slide #21, Bce. On ITEM TITLE: ISHTAR Date: Country: Assyrian Mesopotamian Babylonian Persian Location: Louvre Museum, Paris Description: Artist: Ji Young Lee Index Entry_72_CO_NEA_
IT_ART_ILL_ENT45_CATAL_ HUYUK1 Item Title: GODDESS IN LOTUS-LIKE POSITION, CATAL HUYUK ANATOLIA, TURKEY Date: Country: Catal Huyuk Anatolia, Turkey Description: IT_ART_ILL_ENT45_CATAL_ HUYUK1 Artist:Alexander Dushenko Index Entry
IT_ART_ILL_ENT32_ LEPENSK ITEM TITLE: GODDESS OF LEPENSKI, SERBIA DANUBE Date: Country: Lepenski, Serbia Danube Description: sandstone sculpture with labyrinthine/ uterine designs Code: IT_ART_ILL_ENT32_ LEPENSK Artist: Alexander Dushenko Index Entry_32
IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 ITEM TITLE: DOUBLE EYE GODDESS & LETTER M, NEAR EAST PENDAFLEX Date: Country: Northern Syria Description: Artist: Alexander Dushenko. Index Entry
IT_art_ILL_ENT_55_VINCA Item Title: DOUBLE GODDESSES, VINCA Date: Vinca-Plocnik Culture, Neolithic mill. BCE Country: Gomolava-Hrtkovci, Serbia Description: Note: For Images Of Vinca (Central Balkan) Signs And Symbols, See Google Images Using Phrase: “Jela Transylunia Neolithic Sign.”Note: Note: Double Goddesses Gge: 122, Fig 90; And 127: Figs. 100-101.) Artist: Alexander Dushenko Index Entry
IT_VUL_ILL_ENT14_CHAUVET_FR ITEM TITLE: CHAUVET CAVE AND VULVA ENGRAVINGS THE FEMALE SEXES Date: 31,000 BCE Country: Chauvet Cave Complex, Vallon-pont-d’arc,Ardeche Region, Southeast France Resource: British Museum: London, England. Description Artist: Alexander Dushenko
CU_SIC_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 CO_TUR_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 IT_VUL_ILL_ENT#_keyword1 Item Title: ANATOLIAN SUN GODDESS WURUSEMU, Anatolia, Turkey Date: Country: Anatolia, Turkey Description: Artist: Alexander Dushenko Index Entry
Index by Image: GSA ILLUSTRATIONS
GSA LEGACY IMAGES BY EARH JOAN
GSA LEGACY IMAGES PART 2
